The concept of disability has changed significantly over time, moving from an approach centered on an individual’s “deficiencies” to one emphasizing the interaction and relationship between the individual and their physical and social environment.

The discrimination and inequality affecting persons with disabilities are reflected in all aspects of their lives, and translate, among other things, into lower educational attainment, lower rate of labour market participation and a greater presence among the poor.

The normative framework of persons with disabilities is contained in diverse international, regional and national rights instruments, that set forth the legal obligations and duties of each State to respect and ensure their equal enjoyment of all human rights.

Some alternatives for reversing inequalities facing persons with disabilities include, specific legislation protecting persons with disabilities that promote their social and labour inclusion by expanding opportunities and accessibility, in keeping with the United Nation’s Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD).

The global crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic is deepening pre-existing inequalities in the context of social distancing measures that restrict the social inclusion of people with disabilities. The problem is further aggravated by them being at a greater risk of contracting the disease due to the steeper barriers they face in applying basic protection measures.